Example for planning and implementing a project:
Demand
- New office building with room automation for 424 rooms over 4 floors as well as preparing the appropriate primary plants.
- Each floor is leased by another tenant and has its own occupancy and use, i.e. the room operating mode as well as associated room setpoints, lighting per floor with central operation, and emergency function.
- Blinds control for each facade including protection, service, and emergency function.
- Central weather station, demand-controlled control of primary plants.
- Schedulers together with a calendar for room operating modes and lighting for each floor, superposed functions on a monitoring device.
- Primary plants for air handling, heat generation and distribution as well as central distribution of refrigeration in an equipment room.
- Primary plants and general: 5 PXC4.E16-2/PXC7 and 5 PXC5.E003
- Desigo room automation: 402 PXC3.E…/DXR2
- Visualization, operating and monitoring Desigo CC
- Monitoring network components via SNMP
Functional display of an example topology
Planning and implementation, IP network
Core level
Core Switch (Managed Layer 3) as the network core, interface for remote maintenance, and office network as well as building additional IP segments or as a redundant backbone.
Distribution level
Managed layer 2 switches are planned on the distribution level, in the riser zones, i.e. floor distributors that:
- Are connected with copper cabling.
- Ensure that Desigo room automation stations from the given floor are located on its own VLAN and therefore isolated from other Desigo room automation stations on other floors for the purposes of local BACnet broadcasts.
- You can configure port mirroring of each VLAN for network diagnostics and troubleshooting.
Edge level
Only unmanaged layer 2 switches are planned as edge switches. The following applies:
- Important rooms / Desigo room automation stations are implemented in a star topology on a distribution switch or remote edge switch.
- Unimportant rooms / Desigo room automation stations (max. 20) are networked in a line topology (daisy chain).
- Central functions / Desigo room automation stations are implemented using star cabling on a layer 2 switch.
- PXC… for the primary plants and superposed functions in the equipment room are connected in star cabling on a layer 2 switch.
IP/VLAN overview
Network designation | VLAN ID | Subnet | Address range | Default gateway |
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BA_TRA_01 | 1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.11.1 -- 254 | 192.168.11.254 |
BA_TRA_02 | 2 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.12.1 -- 254 | 192.168.12.254 |
BA_TRA_03 | 3 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.13.1 -- 254 | 192.168.13.254 |
BA_TRA_04 | 4 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.14.1 -- 254 | 192.168.14.254 |
BA_Mgmt | 5 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.15.1 -- 254 | 192.168.15.254 |
BA_Hvac | 6 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.16.1 -- 254 | 192.168.16.254 |
BA_CC_BuB | 7 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.17.1 -- 254 | 192.168.17.254 |
BA_Rfm | 10 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.20.1 -- 254 | 192.168.20.254 |
DMS_FS20 | 11 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.21.1 -- 254 | 192.168.21.254 |
An IP segment can also be divided on a project-by-project bases into a part with static addresses, e.g. automation stations, etc., and a dynamic part (DHCP), e.g. for engineering laptops.
As an alternative, you can also work in general with DHCP. You must ensure, however, that the stations always have the same IP address. This applies to:
- BACnet device that hosts the BBMD functionality.
- Room automation stations with an on-board web server and are operated with the web interface for servicing and diagnostics.
See Web Interface User Guide (A6V11938631).
Planning and implementation, BACnet network
Each Desigo PXC... automation station should have FDT functionality for maintenance and diagnostics and remote access.
A common BACnet internetwork must be set up. Each IP segment becomes a BACnet network within that one BACnet internetwork.
A BBMD must be used in each IP segment in order for BACnet and IP networks to interact. This permits isolating local broadcasts from the flexible room management (room/room segment). Global broadcasts, originating from central functions, are managed on the BACnet device that assumes the BBMD functionality by asymmetrical BDT entries (Broadcast Distribution Table).
Set up the device accordingly in ABT Site. The following is a overview of the BACnet configuration:
Device name | BNR501 | ISP01AS01 | F1BNR01 | F2BNR01 | F3BNR01 | F4BNR01 |
Device Type | PXC5.E003 | PXC5.E003 | PXC5.E003 | PXC5.E003 | PXC5.E003 | PXC5.E003 |
IP address | 192.168.15.250 | 192.168.16.250 | 192.168.11.250 | 192.168.12.250 | 192.168.13.250 | 192.168.14.250 |
BACnet Network no. | NET100 | NET100 | NET01 | NET02 | NET03 | NET04 |
UDP Port | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 |
IP segment | 05 | 06 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 |
BBMD | true | true | true | true | true | true |
BDT |
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IP address | 192.168.15.250 | 192.168.16.1 | 192.168.11.250 | 192.168.12.250 | 192.168.13.250 | 192.168.14.250 |
| 192.168.11.250 | 192.168.15.250 | 192.168.15.250 | 192.168.15.250 | 192.168.15.250 | 192.168.15.250 |
| 192.168.12.250 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 192.168.13.250 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 192.168.14.250 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 192.168.16.1 | .- | - | - | - | - |
Function | For system monitoring of the system level (Timesync) Time switch catalogs global BBMD (is the node for all broadcast messages between VLAN 01-07 or between ERR from floors and primary plants) Primary server | Main HVAC plant
| BBMD in VLAN 1
| BBMD in VLAN 2 | BBMD in VLAN 3 | BBMD in VLAN 4 |
How and why asymmetrical BDT entries?
Local broadcasts that use the flexible room management to locate and address room segments from the room, are routed to a defined UDP port (0xBAC0) on an own VLAN or BACnet network. Local broadcasts are thus encapsulated and no longer forwarded to other networks.
BACnet Broadcast Management Devices (through the BDT) must, however, be defined for global BACnet broadcasts (originating, among others, from central functions) to operate successfully on the different IP segments and BACnet networks.
From the project topology described above, a PXC5.E003 (BNR501) must do the following in the building scope for performance reasons :
- Support the BBMD function on the first port.
- Enter its own IP address in the BDT to 0xBAC0 (first port).
- Enter all other IP addresses for the BBMDs in the other IP segments that also communicate on UDP port 0xBAC0.
A BBMD must be defined for each of the other IP segments.
The BDT is also enabled in FxBNR01 to BAC0. In the BDT is the own IP address and address for BNR501.
The Desigo CC management platform registers as a third-party device in BNR501. The broadcast can be triggered here and forward via the asymmetrical BBMD entries to all other participants in the various IP segments.
Planning and implementation, HVAC and room automation
Plant scope:
- Desigo PXC4.E16-2/PXC7 to control primary plants.
Building scope:
- Desigo PXC5.E003 for superposed functions, e.g. scheduler for occupancy and use times by floor.
- Desigo DXR2.E18 for central functions over multiple floors.
- Desigo PXC5.E003 for HVAC central functions.
Floor scope:
- Desigo PXC5.E003 for monitoring Desigo room automation stations.
- Desigo DXR2.E18/PXC3.E.. for central functions within the floor scope.
- Desigo PXC5.E003 for HVAC central functions.
- Desigo DXR2.E../PXC3.E.. for room and room segments / HVAC, lighting, and blinds.
You can operate with cascading group manager functions if lighting and blinds exceed a maximum of 500 commandable group members. This could, for example, be used for emergency control of blinds actuators over multiple facades over lighting over multiple floors.
Notes on project implementation
In the project example above was generously planned (since it is a midsized to large project) and one PXC5.E003 was assigned to each floor scope as well. It assumes monitoring of Desigo room automation stations. The PXC5.E003 in the building scope is used for scheduling and superposed functions for various floors as well as central functions for room operating mode, lighting, and blinds.
Depending on building design, air handling may be decentralized on various floors. A PXC4/7 each is used in the floor scope to this end. It takes over scheduling and superposed functions for the floor / floor scope. The PXC5.E003 monitoring unit is used in the building scope to monitor Desigo room automation stations.
Planning and implementation of central functions
Central function | Ground floor | Floor 1 | Floor 2 | Floor 3 | Entire building |
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Hardware | AS1001 | AS2001 | AS3001 | AS4001 | AS5001ZF |
Central weather station |
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| CenWthStn |
Central setpoint generation via seasonal compensation for North, East, South, West |
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| CenSsnN CenSsnE CenSsnS CenSsnW |
Central operating mode determination | CenOp_EG | CenOp_1OG | CenOp_2OG | CenOp_3OG |
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AS501SC Scheduler for room operating mode | SchedOp0 Scheduler, room operating mode ground floor | SchedOp1 Scheduler, room operating mode 2nd floor | SchedOp2 Scheduler, room operating mode 3rd floor | SchedOp3 Scheduler, room operating mode 4th floor |
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Central operation lighting | CenOpLgt_EG | CenOpLgt_1OG | CenOpLgt_2OG | CenOpLgt_3OG |
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AS501SC Scheduler for lighting, building occupancy | SchedLg0 Scheduler, lighting occupancy, ground floor | SchedLg1 Scheduler, lighting, building occupancy, 2nd floor | SchedLg2 Scheduler, lighting, building occupancy, 3rd floor | SchedLg3 Scheduler, lighting, building occupancy, 4th floor |
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AS501SC Scheduler for lighting, system operation | SchedLg6 Scheduler, lighting system operation Ground Floor. | SchedLg7 Scheduler, lighting system operation 2nd floor. | SchedLg8 Scheduler, lighting system operation 3rd floor. | SchedLg9 Scheduler, lighting system operation 4th floor. |
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Central emergency function lighting | CenEmgLgt_EG | CenEmgLgt_1OG | CenEmgLgt_2OG | CenEmgLgt_2OG |
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Central emergency lighting (overall) |
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| CenEmgLgt |
Zentrale Bedienung Jalousie | CenOpShd_EG | CenOpShd_1OG | CenOpShd_2OG | CenOpShd_3OG |
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AS501SC Scheduler for shading, building occupancy | SchedSh0 Scheduler, shading, occupancy, ground floor | SchedSh1 Scheduler, shading, occupancy, 2nd floor | SchedSh2 Scheduler, shading, occupancy, 3rd floor | SchedSh3 Scheduler, shading, occupancy, 4th floor |
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AS501SC Scheduler for shading, system operation | SchedSh6 Scheduler, shading system operation ground floor. | SchedSh7 Scheduler, shading system operation 2nd floor. | SchedSh8 Scheduler, shading system operation 3rd floor. | SchedSh9 Scheduler, shading system operation 4th floor. |
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Central emergency shading (overall) |
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| CenEmgShd |
Central protection function shading |
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| CenPrtShd |
Central service function shading | CenSrvShd_EG | CenSrvShd_1OG | CenSrvShd_2OG | CenSrvShd_3OG |
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Central facade shading west |
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| CenFcdShd_W |
Central facade shading south |
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| CenFcdShd_S |
Central facade shading east |
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| CenFcdShd_E |
Hot water supply chain | SplyHw | SplyHw | SplyHw | SplyHw | SplyHw (Total) |
Supply chain chilled water | SplyChw | SplyChw | SplyChw | SplyChw | SplyChw (Total) |
Supply chain ventilation | SplyAir | SplyAir | SplyAir | SplyAir | SplyAir (Total) |
Recommendation: Network components
- Siemens SCALANCE XB005 - as the edge switch for cabling PXC and Desigo room automation stations.
- Siemens SCALANCE XB205 - At the distribution level in the riser zones for setting up VLANs and port mirroring for diagnostics.
- Siemens SCALANCE XM405 - As core switch for possible IP routing.
SCALANCE switches from the product family X-200 or X-400 support SNMP and can be monitored on Desigo CC.
IT security and IT basic protection
The elements of infrastructure, IT systems, networks, and applications must be discussed under the aspects of security and appropriate measures need to be developed. Customer, domestic, or industry guidelines and directives must be observed under all circumstances.
For additional details, see Desigo Cybersecurity Guidelines Application Guide (A6V14142297) and Practical Guide on IP Networks in Building Automation and Control Systems (CM110668).
Reliability and redundancy
Distribution switches can be cabled on the floor distributors from the core switch in a Gbit ring as backbone if the customer requires extended availability. To this end, special network components must be planned on midsized to highly complex networks with basic cabling of fiber optics and copper cable.
Yet another level for increasing reliability and redundancy is to employ two core switches at different locations.
Cabling of distribution switches and Desigo room automation stations
The distribution switches can be cabled in a ring, if RSTP capable, which offer high reliability. The important Desigo room automation stations (important rooms, central functions) are connected directly to the distribution switch. Less critical Desigo room automation stations are cabled to either remote edge switches or over daisy chain technology.
Desigo PXC3.E.../DXR2 room automation stations support cabling based on daisy chain topology. The max. number is 20 devices and in the event of a failed automation station, all other stations are no longer reachable.
Desigo room automation stations can be cabled as ring topology if higher reliability is required.
This requires support for layer 2 switches RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) as well as SNMP monitoring and that any loss of superposed systems is reported.
In the event of a fault, switching the communication paths can take between 10 and 30 seconds.
DXR2/PXC3 automation stations route the RSTP protocol for the switches. It does not actually process the RSTP protocol.
For details, see Section 3.3.5 in Practical guide on IP networks in building automation and control (CM110668).
Summary
The following tables show how to depict all devices and network components in a midsized to large project.
Plant category | Number of IP devices |
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PXC primary plants | 3 |
DXR2/PXC3 individual room control & central functions | 400 |
PXC5.E003 system controller, floor scope | 4 |
DXR2 for central functions, building scope | 2 |
PXC5.E003 system controller, building scope | 1 |
Reserves 5% | 21 |
Amount | 436 |
Network components | Type Siemens | Layer | Managed | No. |
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Edge switch on the floors | XB-005 | 2 | No | 16 |
Distribution switch per floor | XB-200 | 2 | Yes | 6 |
Core switch in the equipment rooms | XM 400 | 3 | Yes | 1 |
Description | Ground floor DXR2 | 2nd floor DXR2 | 3rd floor DXR2 | 4th floor DXR2 | BA Mgmt DXR2 | Primary plants | System level | Refrigeration machines BACnet 3rd | Sinteso FS20 BMA |
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VLAN | VLAN 01 | VLAN 02 | VLAN 03 | VLAN 04 | VLAN 05 | VLAN 06 | VLAN 07 | VLAN 10 | VLAN 11 |
UDP port | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC0 | BAC2 |
Subnet mask | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 255.255.255.0 |
Default gateway | 192.168.11.254 | 192.168.12.254 | 192.168.13.254 | 192.168.14.254 | 192.168.15.254 | 192.168.16.254 | 192.168.17.254 | 192.168.20.254 | 192.168.21.254 |
Engineering notebook XWP/ABT | 192.168.11.251 | 192.168.12.251 | 192.168.13.251 | 192.168.14.251 | 192.168.15.251 | 192.168.16.251 | 192.168.17.251 | 192.168.20.251 | 192.168.21.251 |
Number of DXR2/PXC3 and PXC5.E003 | 101 | 101 | 101 | 101 | 3 |
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Reserve IP addresses | 149 | 149 | 149 | 149 | 247 |
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IP address range for DXR2 from… | 192.168.11.1 | 192.168.12.1 | 192.168.13.1 | 192.168.14.1 | 192.168.15.1 |
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IP address range for DXR2 ...to | 192.168.11.200 | 192.168.12.200 | 192.168.13.200 | 192.168.14.200 | 192.168.15.50 |
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PXC5.E003 monitoring, floor scope | 192.168.11.201 | 192.168.12.201 | 192.168.13.201 | 192.168.14.201 |
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Central functions, floor scope | 192.168.11.1 | 192.168.12.1 | 192.168.13.1 | 192.168.14.1 |
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Central functions, superposed, building scope |
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| 192.168.15.1…2 |
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PXG3.M3, BBMD in the floor scope | 192.168.11.250 | 192.168.12.250 | 192.168.13.250 | 192.168.14.250 |
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PXC5.E003, central BBMD in the building scope |
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| 192.168.15.250 |
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PXC5.E003 scheduler for floor scope |
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| 192.168.15.51 |
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Number of PXC, FS20, BACnet3rd |
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| 3 | 1 | 2 | 10 |
Reserve IP addresses |
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| 251 | 253 | 248 | 240 |
IP address range from… |
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| 192.168.16.1 | 192.168.17.1 | 192.168.20.1 | 192.168.21.1 |
IP address range ...to |
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| 192.168.16.249 | 192.168.17.249 | 192.168.20.249 | 192.168.21.249 |
PXC BBMD |
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| 192.168.16.1 |
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IP address range Mgmt'stations Desigo CC from… |
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| 192.168.17.11 |
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IP address range Mgmt'stations Desigo CC ...to |
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| 192.168.17.13 |
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Mgmt'station Desigo CC, entry in FDT |
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| 192.168.15.250 |
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